OPEC+

This one is not written up yet

The definition above is the short version. A full explanation — how it works, a worked example and the exam traps — is still being written. In the meantime the chapter below covers it in context.

Written up from the same chapter

• Bottom-up approachSizing a market by taking the revenue of individual companies and aggregating it upward — accurate where companies disclose, blind where they do not.
• Efficient Market HypothesisThe proposition that share prices already incorporate and reflect all relevant information — which, if true, leaves nothing for an analyst to find by studying that information.
• Fundamental analysisEstimating what a share is worth from the profits and cash flows the business will generate, then buying only when the market price sits below that estimate.
• Intrinsic valueWhat an asset is actually worth — the present value of the cash it will generate over its remaining life, as against whatever price the market is quoting today.
• InvestmentThe current commitment of savings for a defined period, in the expectation of receiving back more than was committed — savings put to work, as distinct from savings merely held.
• Moving averageThe average price of a share over a rolling window, recalculated each session — it smooths away daily noise so that the underlying trend, and changes in it, become visible.